2025, Issue 5, Volume 17

IMPACT OF BIO-INOCULANTS AND DIFFERENT LEVELS OF NPK FERTILIZERS APPLICATION ON SOIL NUTRIENT STATUS AND YIELD OF CHRYSANTHEMUM IN PROTECTED CONDITION

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Chandana M.1*, Hemla Naik B.2, Thippeshappa G.N.3, Champa B.V.4, Nandish M.S.6 and Kantharaj Y.7

1Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, KeladiShivappa Nayaka University of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Shivamogga (Karnataka), India.

2Department of Horticulture, KeladiShivappa Nayaka University of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Shivamogga (Karnataka), India.

3Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, College of Agriculture, KSNUAHS, Shivamogga (Karnataka), India.

4Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture, KSNUAHS, Shivamogga (Karnataka), India.

5Department of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Agriculture, KSNUAHS, Shivamogga (Karnataka), India.

6Department of Post-harvest Technology, College of Horticulture, Mudigere, KSNUAHS, Shivamogga (Karnataka), India.

Received-25.04.2025, Revised-12.05.2025, Accepted-24.05.2025

Abstract: Alternatives to fertilizers are required due to the rising expense of fertilizers with lower nutrient usage efficiency. The availability of macro and micronutrients is influenced by the various chemical changes that soil microorganisms contribute to. This study evaluated the effectiveness of various microbial strains for enhancing plant nutrient availability in soil. The present investigation was conducted during 2021–2022 at the College of Agriculture, Shivamogga, Karnataka, to assess the effect of bio-inoculants and graded potassium levels on soil chemical properties, nutrient availability, and yield in chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat.). The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with ten treatments and three replications, using the variety ‘Kolar Local.’ Bio-inoculants including Bacillus mucilaginosus (KSB), Aspergillus awamori (KSF), Azotobacter chroococcum, Pseudomonas striata (PSB), and Glomus fasciculatum (VAM) were incorporated along with FYM and chemical fertilizers. Soil analysis post-harvest revealed that treatment T7 (100% N & P₂O₅ + 75% K₂O + KSB + KSF) recorded optimum soil pH (6.80), EC (0.36 dS/m), and significantly higher available nitrogen (292.13 kg/ha), phosphorus (85.67 kg/ha), and potassium (205.68 kg/ha). Flower yield (2.68 t/560 m²) and sucker yield (21,315.5 suckers/560 m²) were also highest in T7, showing 34.67% and 78.94% increases, respectively. The enhanced nutrient availability and yield were attributed to improved microbial activity, nutrient solubilization, and hormone production. This study confirms that integrated nutrient management using bio-fertilizers with reduced chemical fertilizers is a sustainable approach to enhance soil fertility, flower yield, and quality in chrysanthemum cultivation.

Keywords: Soil chemical properties, microbial inoculants, KSB, KSF

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