Sonali Deole* and Tarun Kumar Nayak
Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture,Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya,
Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India-492012
Email: sonalideoleigkv@yahoomail.com
Received-10.07.2020, Revised-28.07.2020
Abstract: Spodoptera litura (Fab.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is polyphagous pest damaging numerous crops in India and many other countries.Moths are found primarily active during night and due toits high mobility, female ovipositing on a wide range ofhost plants. There have been a number of studies on the biological parameters of S. litura on different host plants under different environmental conditions, particularly in India. Artificial diet reared tobacco caterpillar showed higher pupation (89.2%), emergence (97.2%), survival (86.6%) and fecundity (2486.2 eggs) as compared to the most preferred natural food,Out of 24 weed plants tested, high consumption of leaves was recorded on eight species. Dietary concentrations of azadirachtin although significantly lowered the efficiencies of conversion of both ingested (ECI) and digested (ECD) food, it failed to lower the approximate digestibility (AD).
Keywords: Biology, host, Spodoptera litura, tobacco caterpillar, weeds
References
Ahmed, A.M., Etman, A. and Hooper, G.H.S. (1979). Developmental and reproductive blology of Spodoptera litura(F.) (lepidoptera: noctuidae). J. Aust. ent. SOC.,18: 363-372.
Amin, M.R. (2016). Nutritional Indices and Biology of the Armyworm, Spodoptera litura on Five Cotton Varieties.International Journal of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering. 10:1.
Arivoli, S. and Tennyson, S. (2013). Ovicidal Activity of Plant Extracts against Spodoptera Litura (Fab) (Lepidoptera: Noctiduae). Bull. Env. Pharmacol. Life Sci., 2(10) : 140-145.
Bakavathiappan, G., Baskaran, S., Pavaraj, M. and Jeyaparvathi, S. (2012). Effect of Calotropis procera leaf extract on Spodoptera litura (Fab.). J.Biopest, 5 : 135-138.
Chari, M.S. and Patel, N.G. (1983). Cotton leaf worm Spodoptera litura (Fab.) its biology and integrated control measures. Cotton Development. 13:7-8.
Chelliah, S. L. (1985). The tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura problems and prospects of management.Integrated Pest and Diseases management, TNAU,Coimbatore, 139-159 .
Chohan, S., Verma, S.C., Chandel, R.S., Rana, N. and Thakur, M. (2015). Impact of nickel mediated artificial diet on biology of Spodoptera litura F. (lepidoptera: noctuidae).The Bioscan., 10(3): 1109-1112.
Daniel, A.J. and Samiayyan, K. (2017). Growth Parameter Indices Of Cut Worm Larva Spodoptera litura (Fab.) On Various Host Plants. International Journal of Agriculture Sciences, 9(29):4372-4376.
Devi, A.R. and Jha, S. (2017). Effect of different temperature regime on biology and food utilization of tobacco leaf eating caterpillar (Spodoptera litura F.) on sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) under laboratory Conditions. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies,5(5): 602-606.
Fand, B.B., Sul, N.T., Bal, S.K. and Minhas, P.S. (2015). Temperature Impacts the Development and Survival of Common Cutworm (Spodoptera litura): Simulation and Visualization of Potential Population Growth in India under Warmer Temperatures through Life Cycle Modelling and Spatial Mapping. PLOS ONE, 10(4): e0124682.
Gupta, M., Tara, J. S., Sharma, S. and Bala, A. (2015). Biology and morphometry of Spodoptera litura Fabricus, a serious defoliator of Mango (Mangifera indica) in Jammu Region (J&K). Munis Entomology & Zoology, 10 (1): 215-221.
Javar, S., Sajap, A.S., Mohamed, R. and Hong, L.W. (2013). Suitability of centella asiatica (pegaga) as a food source for rearing Spodoptera litura (f.) (lepidoptera: noctuidae) under laboratory conditions. journal of plant protection research, 53(2).
Karmakar, P. and Pal, S. (2017). Influence of temperature on food consumption and utilization parameters of the common cutworm, Spodoptera litura (Fab.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Journal Of Entomology And Zoology Studies, 5(5): 92-95.
Khuhro R.D., Abbassi, Q.D., Abro, G.H., Baloch, S.H. and Soomro, A.H. (1986). Population dynamics of Spodoptera litura F. as influenced by ecological conditions and its host plant preference at tandojam Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 18(4): 351-358.
Koshiy A, D. J. and GhelanI, A. B. (1990). Antifeedant activity of different plant derivatives against Spodoptera litura (Fab) on groundnut. Botanical Pesticides in Integrated Pest Management, Eds. Chari, M. S. and Ram Prasad, G., CTRI, Rajamundry, India, pp. 270-275.
Kulkarni, K. A. (1989). Bioecology and management of Spodoptera litura (F.) (Lepidoptera : Noctuidae) on groundnut, Arachis hypogaea (L.). Ph. D. Thesis, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, India, 364 p.
Kumar, S. and Ray, P. (2007). Biology of Spodoptera litura Fabricius (Lepidoptera:Noctuidae) on some of its major weed hosts. Entomon, 32(4):287-290.
Kumar, S. and Ray, P. (2018). Host plant preference of army worm (Spodoptera litura) on crops and weeds.Indian Journal of Weed Science, 50(1):100–102.
Mane, S. D. (1968). Neem seed spray as a repellent against some of the foliage feeding insects. M.Sc. Thesis, IARI, New Delhi, 103 p.
Medhini, N., Divakar, Y.G. and Manjulakumari, D. (2012). Effect of Calendula officinalis L. extracts on the nutrient components of different tissues of tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura Fabricius. JBiopest,5 :139-144.
Mukherjee, S. and Sharma, R. N. (1996).Azadirachtin induced changes in feeding, dietary utilization and midgut carboxylesterase activity of the final instar larvae of Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Journal of Environmental Science and Health Part B, 31(6):1307-1319.
Naik, C.M., Nataraj, K. and Santhoshakumara, G.T. (2017). Comparative Biology of Spodoptera litura on Vegetable and Grain Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill].Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci., 6(7): 366-371.
Packiam, S.M. and Ignacimuthu, S. (2012). Effect of PONNEEMon Spodoptera litura (Fab.) and its compatibility with Trichogramma chilonis Ishii. Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology, 55(2) .
Patil, R. K., Nadaf, H. L., Sattigi, H. N., Hanamaratti, N. G., Llngappa, S. and Gopau. J. B. (1995). Effect of groundnut genotypes on biology and development of Spodoptera litura (F). Crop Improvement,22: 184-188.
Sahayaraj, K. (1998). Antifeedant effect of some plant extracts on the Asian armyworm, Spodoptera litura (Fab.). Current Science,74: 523-525.
Saljoqi, A.U.R., Riaz ul Haq, Ehsan-ul-Haq, Khan. J. and Ali, G. (2015). Rearing of Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) on Different Artificial Diets and its Parasitization with Trichogramma chilonis (Ishii). Pakistan J. Zool., 47(1):169-175.
Sanjrani, M.W.S., Munshi, G.H. and Abro,G.H. (1989). Effects of temperature on the biology of Spodoptera litura Fab. Philippine Entomologist (Philippines), ISSN : 0048-3753.
Sasikumar, K.S., Muthu, C., Kingsley, S. and Baskar, S.I. (2011). Bioefficacy of Aristolochia tagala Cham. against Spodoptera litura Fab. (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Saudi J Biol Sci.,18(1): 23–27.
Sayed, E. L. (1983). Evaluation of the insecticidal properties of the common Indian Neem, Azadirachta indica A. Juss seeds against the Egyptian cotton leaf worm, Spodoptera littoralis (Boisd.) Bulletin of Entomological Society, Egyptian Economic Series, 13: 39-47.
Shakya, P.K., Haseeb, M. and Manzoor, U. (2015). Biology of tobacco cutworm, Spodoptera litura.Biotic Environment, formerly Insect Environment,. 21(2&3) Oct-Dec 2015.
Sharma, D. (1994). Biology and food preference of tobacco caterpillar, Spodoptera litura Fabricius, on five different hosts. Journal of Entomological Research,18: 151-155.
Supriya, G.B., Singh, T.V.K., Sunitha, V., Vinod, S.K. and Reddy, C.N. (2018). Life Table Study of Tobacco Caterpillar Spodoptera litura (F.) (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera) on Different Bt Cotton Hybrids During 120-150 DAS (Days after Sowing).International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 7(6): 2367-2386.
Thakur, N., Gotyal, B.S., Selvaraj, K. and Satpathy, S. (2017). Effect on biology of jute indigo caterpillar, Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) under five different constant temperatures. Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, 5(4): 102-106.
Thanki, K. V., Patel, G. P. and Patel, J. R. (2003). Population dynamics of Spodoptera litura on castor, Ricinus communis. Indian Journal of Entomology,65 (3): 347-350.
Tiwari, S. N., Bhattacharya, A. K., Rathore, Y. S. and Sachan, G. C. (1991). Dry matter utilization of groundnut varieties by Spodoptera litura (Fabricius). Indian Journal of Entomology, 53 : 516-517.
Todd, J. W., Beach, R. M. and Branch, W. D. (1991). Resistance in eight peanut genotypes to foliar feeding of fall armyworm, velvet bean caterpillar and corn earworm. Peanut Science, 18: 38-40.
Xue, M., Pang, Y.H., Wang, H.T., Li, Q.L. and Liu, T.X. (2010). Effects of four host plants on biology and food utilization of the cutworm, Spodoptera litura . Journal of Insect Science, 10: 14-22.
Yadav, A., Kumar, M. and Chauhan, A. K. S. (2014). Biology of tobacco caterpillar (Spodoptera litura Fab.) on different host plants. Asian Journal of Animal Science, 9(1):111-112.
Yadav D.S., Kamte, A.S. and Jadhav R.S. (2012). Bio-efficacy of cyantraniliprole a new molecule against Scelodonta strigicollis Motschulsky and Spodoptera litura Fabricius in grapes, Pest Management in Horticultural Ecosystems.; 18:128-134.