Tikendra Kumar*, R.K. Dantre and K.P. Verma
Department of Plant Pathology, Indira Gandhi Agricultural University
Raipur 492006, Chhattisgarh, India.
Email: tikendrasahu4481@gmail.com
Received-05.01.2017, Revised-19.01.2017
Abstract: Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) is one of the most important oil seed crop of India .It was wonder of the twentinth century. Soybean ranks first among world oilseed with an annual production of about 105 mt. In Chhattisgarh, the crop is grown over an area of 0.82 m ha with production and productivity of 0.73 mt and 891 kg/ha, respectively which are much lower than national average. Soybean aerial blight caused by Rhizoctonia solani is a most important oilseed disease. The disease appears during July-August and is characterized by sudden and complete death of the plants. This disease is very destructive and causes heavy losses to the tune of 35-60 % in warm and humid parts of the countries. Antifungal activity of different medicinal plant leaf extracts, oils and Trichoderma spp were studied under in vitro condition. Out of fifteen medicinal plants studied, the leaf extracts of Butch significantly inhibited the mycelial growth of Rhizoctonia solani under in vitro conditions. Among the medicinal oils, Eucalyptus and Neem oils were found to significantly inhibit the mycelial growth of Rhizoctonia solani at 5% concentrations.Among the antagonists, maximum mycelial growth inhibition was caused by Trichoderma harzianum (74.81%) followed by Trichoderma viride (67.40%) while Trichoderma spp. (mushroom isolates) was least effective against Rhizoctonia solani.
Keywords: Soybean, Rhizoctonia solani, Antifungal compound, Trichoderma spp.
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